For most people, dandruff appears with the onset of puberty (If you notice the appearance of dandruff in a child before puberty, we advise you to consult a doctor immediately, this may indicate a more serious disease). During puberty, the body begins to produce much more testosterone. This hormone affects hair growth and can also have a negative effect on sebum production. Sebum is a fatty substance that protects our head from microorganisms. However, one organism has adapted to live off sebum (a fungus like Malassezia). This microorganism produces oleic acid, which penetrates into the scalp, causes irritation of the upper layer, and this leads to an increase in turnover of skin cells.
As we all know, our skin consists of flat, dead skin cells, which are formed in the basal layer of the epidermis and slowly move to the skin surface (due to the fact that new cells are born under them, which force out the old ones). During this time they dry up, become flat and horny (transparent, thin, imperceptible to the eye). With the skin of the remnants of cells fly off in contact with clothing or while swimming. The entire renewal period lasts approximately 25-30 days.
But if the cycle is reduced to 7-10 days, the cells do not have time to dry (there is a large amount of water in them) and therefore become sticky. Approaching the surface of the skin, they stick together and form noticeable white flakes or lumps that can cause itching. In this case, the scalp should not have redness, inflammation or bleeding.
Types of dandruff
Depending on the type of scalp there are two types of dandruff:
— Dry dandruff - Appears as a result of insufficient hydration of the scalp, decreased sebum secretion. Scales cover almost the entire scalp and hair. The appearance of this type of dandruff is associated with the activation of the fungus, which with good immunity behaves calmly. However, if you break the diet, increase the mental and physical activity of the fungus is activated. As a result, the peeling process is accelerated and a mass of scales is formed, the number of which becomes noticeable. The scales at the same time easily separated, fall on clothes, pollute the hair. The signs are: dry, brittle, thin, with split ends hair.
— Greasy dandruff - It appears as a result of a very active work of the sebaceous glands. Because of the sebum on the head, a sticky, oily film forms that does not allow air to pass through, closes the pores, causes itching and irritates nerve endings. Horny cells stick together with each other, forming large flakes soaked in fat, they practically do not peel off, but tightly adhere to the scalp.
Fat dandruff is divided into 2 types: thick and liquid. With thick oily dandruff elasticity of the skin is compacted and reduced, the mouths of the sebaceous glands are dilated. The rejected epithelium, impregnated with sebum, clogs the excretory duct of the sebaceous glands and forms a comedo - horn plug. When it is squeezed, a thick greasy mass is released. It has also been observed that with the disease thick oily seborrhea hair becomes coarse and tough.
With liquid oily dandruff skin glistens and resembles an orange peel (pores are wide open), sebum is secreted from the sebaceous glands in large quantities. The hair is very greasy and glued in strands, as if they were oiled and covered with yellowish scales, tightly adjacent to each other. Ulcers may appear on the scalp due to the fact that the greasy secret changes its chemical properties, losing its sterilizing functions.
Such a division is necessary to assign the correct treatment, since the causes of the appearance of each species are different.
1. Mushrooms of the genus Malassezia. Many experts note that the yeast fungi of the genus Malassezia, which actively cover the entire skin of a person, especially the scalp, are the main cause of dandruff. These mushrooms belong to lipophilic microorganisms that feed on sebum. Under normal health conditions, the fungi do not give out their presence and do not cause any discomfort. But for any failure in the body, they begin to multiply actively, causing inflammation and itching. Their excessive amount accelerates the process of skin renewal, which in turn leads to the formation of dandruff.
The reasons for the rapid growth of the strokes are still unknown, but it is known why a large amount of fat is formed in which they actively reproduce:
- Chronic metabolic disease, leads to malfunction of the sebaceous glands (seborrhea) or fungal infection, and more often both
- Hormonal changes during puberty, during pregnancy and menopause. This is due to the imbalance between androgens (male hormones) and estrogens (female hormones) towards the first,
- Poor nutrition and consumption of large amounts of sweet and fatty foods
- Problems with digestion, pathology of the gastrointestinal tract
- Chronic infections, bronchopulmonary diseases
- Vitamin deficiency (especially A, C, B, Zn (zinc))
- Neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease,
- Hypersensitivity to fungi. People with hypersensitivity to fungi are more prone to the appearance seborrheic dermatitis. Many have noted that their condition improves in the warm season and worsens in winter. The reason is the lack of sun, which destroys fungi.
2. Dry scalp. One of the causes of dandruff, especially in the winter period of time, when it is cold outside, and in the apartments dry air. Flakes that appear for this reason are usually smaller and less fat. Most likely, signs of dryness will also be observed on other parts of the body, for example, on the hands or feet.
3. Hereditary predisposition (especially the structure of the skin and its secretion).
4. Allergic reaction to hatsor, more precisely, on the material from which they are sewn (most often for cheap synthetics).
5. Wrong hair care:
- Rarely wash your hair. If you do not regularly wash your hair, oils and skin cells of the scalp can accumulate, causing dandruff.
- Sensitivity to hair care products - contact dermatitis. Sometimes sensitive to certain ingredients or hair dyes, especially paraphenylene diamine (PPD), can cause redness, itching, flaking of the scalp.
- Frequent hair coloring and perm
- If you do not wear a hat during the cold season, as well as during long-term wearing it, the microflora of the scalp changes in the room.
- Too frequent washing of the head or use of a large amount of styling products (varnishes, gels and others) can also irritate the scalp, causing dandruff.
6. Some skin diseases. Such as psoriasis, eczema, can cause dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis - A more serious disease than just dandruff, dandruff is observed on the skin, but at the same time, the skin is oily, reddened, irritated. The reason for its appearance is the fungus Malassezia furfur. It affects not only the scalp, but also other parts of the body where there is a large number of sebaceous glands, such as eyebrows, on the sides of the nose and behind the ears, under the breast, in the groin, and sometimes in the armpits. Psoriasis. This skin disease causes an accumulation of dead cells that form thick, coarse scales that usually appear on the knees, elbows and torso, but sometimes also on the head.It is very difficult to distinguish it from seborrheic dermatitis. Eczema. If you have this disease on any part of the body, then it can appear on the head, leading to the development of dandruff.
8. Some other reasons - after a heart attack, stroke, chemotherapy.
HIV research has shown that 10.6% of people with HIV have dandruff, which is associated with a weakened immune system.
9. Diet - Some experts argue that people who do not consume enough foods that contain zinc, B vitamins and certain types of fats are more prone to dandruff.
10. Smoking and alcohol, have a negative effect on metabolism, the violation of which leads to the development of the fungus.
Dandruff Diagnosis
In order to understand that you have dandruff, it is not necessary to consult a doctor. You can do it yourself. If you see the characteristic white flakes on the scalp, it means that you have dandruff.
With self-treatment, if the condition does not improve within 2 weeks, or if there are initially red spots on the head, you should contact a dermatologist or a trichologist. The doctor will determine the disease, looking at the scalp, testing, usually, this is not required. To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor will examine the redness, color, scale of lesions of the scalp. What will help eliminate other diseases of the scalp. During the examination, you must tell the doctor how you cared for your hair, and what styling products you used. Also, the doctor will be able to determine the presence of a fungal infection (for example, ringworm). For more confidence, samples of skin and hair can be sent to the laboratory for testing.
But an incorrect diagnosis can be made, because the symptoms of dandruff are similar to other diseases.
How to distinguish dandruff from other diseases
In order to understand, dandruff is, or another skin disease, you need to get acquainted with the main distinguishing features of other diseases. Dermatitis - this is the replenishment of the scalp, which is manifested by redness and flaking. Itching may occur at the initial stage. Seborrheic Eczema - It is a chronic dermatosis, which is accompanied by reddening of the scalp, body, face (behind the ears). The disease intensifies in case of any illnesses and in the period of stress, and then fades again. Most common in older people. Psoriasis - this disease appears not only on the head, but also on the knees, elbows. Silvery scales may form on the scalp, itching and redness appear with a clear outline. May begin to fall hair. The disease progresses with stress. Microsporia - It is a fungal infection that is contagious and can be transmitted from person to person. Pink scaly patches with a clear outline appear on the scalp, and hair begins to fall out at the lesion.
Dandruff Facts
- dandruff is not contagious, that is, it is not transmitted or contagious
- rarely appears in children
- most often begins at a transitional age due to hormones,
- the opinion that dandruff is more common in men than in women is not true. Men and women between the ages of 20 and 40 who suffer from dandruff are about the same
- people after 50 years of age almost do not suffer from dandruff.
- there is no connection between climate and dandruff, because people in hot and cold countries face dandruff, with a dry and humid climate.
- if you have dandruff, it means that there is a fungus on the head, but not the fact that this is the main cause of cell peeling, the fungus develops as a result of a violation in the body.
- visually looks like white flakes,
- if there is dandruff, an increase in cell turnover is observed,
- this is a cosmetic problem, not a medical one,
- amenable to correction, treatment.
For successful treatment it is necessary to determine the true cause of dandruff.If it is not possible to establish a pathological process that has a negative impact, then the first thing that needs to be done is to correct the daily regimen and change the means for the care of the scalp and hair. The following are recommendations that should be followed during treatment.
Recommendations
1. Gently, gently brush your hair before washing. Already this will reduce the occurrence of dandruff, especially the average and mild degree of the disease.
2. Do not rub, scratch or scratch your head too much, this can contribute to dandruff.
3. To rinse and wash, use soft water.
4. Wash your hair as it gets dirty.
5. Hair dryer for drying is better not to use.
6. If you use styling products, do not forget to wash them off overnight.
7. Do not keep washed hair for a long time under a towel.
8. Once a week do a head massage.
9. For frequent shampooing, use an appropriate shampoo.
10. Disinfect the comb during treatment. It is also advisable to disinfect or change the cap, cap and other hats.
11. To limit the use of fried, spicy and fatty foods.
12. Include in the diet foods rich in vitamins of group B and fiber.
13. If water balance is disturbed, consume more water (tea, mineral water, fruit drinks).
14. Use a comb made of natural wood and change it every 2-3 months, as the tree absorbs fat well.
15. Use hair care products that contain antifungal ingredients. Treatment programs that include shampoo and lotion are very effective. Shampoo helps in the fight against fungus, and lotion exfoliates existing dandruff, heals and additionally nourishes the scalp.
17. If you have diseases that lead to dandruff, and medical cosmetics do not help to cope with it, it is recommended to undergo a course of physiotherapy.
How to treat dandruff
For the treatment of dandruff is used primarily antifungal agents in the form of shampoos and lotions. But if you use only shampoos without internal therapy, you can not wait for the desired result. Therefore, proper nutrition, treatment of endocrine diseases, pathology of the digestive tract, elimination of foci of chronic infection (chronic tonsillitis, carious teeth, sinusitis, etc.)
If dandruff is caused by food allergies, exclude foods that may cause allergies from the diet and take antihistamine (antiallergic) medications.
With excessive activity of the sebaceous glands (a problem with a hereditary predisposition), the drug methionine is used.
For treatment of oily seborrhea, antiandrogen drugs may be prescribed that reduce the activity of the sebaceous glands. One of these drugs - "Diane-35", but it is used only by prescription.
Causes of dandruff
It does not matter what kind of hair a person has. They can be fatty, dry or normal. Dandruff can occur at any time.
It becomes a factor that additionally provokes the formation of dandruff. But in elderly, sebum is produced in small quantities, so white scales almost do not appear.
Vitamins and Supplements for the Treatment of Dandruff
To increase immunity and normalize metabolic processes, vitamins and dietary supplements containing selenium, zinc, and sulfur are used.
- essential fatty acids,
- Vitamin E (80-120 IU per day)
- Vitamin B6 (6 mg per day),
- Vitamin B12 (9 mcg per day),
- Niacin (1000 mg per day),
- Vitamin A, "Aevit" (10,000 IU per day),
- "Selen-Spirulina" (1-2 capsules per day),
- lecithin, (1200 mg per day.),
- dietary supplements containing dietary fiber,
- calcium-containing drugs (1000-1500 mg),
- magnesium-containing drugs (750-1500 mg),
- zinc-containing drugs (50 mg 2 times a day),
- potassium preparations (500-1000 mg),
- linseed oil (1 tablespoon a day),
- bioflavononda (100 mg),
- immunomodulators (honey, pollen, royal jelly, licopid, echinacea).
- "Beta-carotene" (1-2 capsules per day) /
In pharmacies, you can find a lot of vitamin complexes. The most effective are:
Diseases that cause dandruff
If you look at the statistics, it becomes clear that every second person was watching dandruff at least once in a lifetime. It occurs in the following diseases:
- Neurological disorders. This is a large group that includes chronic fatigue syndrome, depression and stress in many managers.
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as gastric ulcer and gastritis. Diseases of the liver and duodenum.
- Chronic diseases such as cystitis and urethritis. Diseases of the kidneys and intestines.
- Skin diseases. Dandruff appears in atopic dermatitis and eczema.
- Diseases of the endocrine system.
The appearance of scales can not be called a purely cosmetic problem. They are formed as a result of the peeling of the scalp against the background of complex internal processes occurring in the body.
For example, in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract nutrients are poorly absorbed, so the skin does not receive the fatty acids of vitamins and minerals in the right amount. It dries out, begins to peel off and become inflamed. In this case, it is difficult to get rid of dandruff. You need to contact a gastroenterologist.
Dandruff is formed in dysbiosis and hypovitaminosis, so it is useful to take vitamin-mineral complexes, lactobacterin and other drugs for the intestines. The doctor must prescribe them.
Malnutrition
Simple carbohydrates, sweets and sugar provoke acne and promote the appearance of dandruff flakes. The fact is that these products stimulate insulin production. Hormonal background fluctuates, it immediately affects the condition of the skin. If you remove fatty and fried foods, cakes and other sweet foods from the list, you can, if you do not take the situation with the skin peeling under control, then at least alleviate the condition.
Dandruff Treatment
In order to get rid of discomfort, you should use homemade masks and medicated shampoos. Do not wait for an instant effect!
Good help egg mask: 1 egg should be whipped into a foam, mix 1: 1 with natural yogurt. The mixture should be applied to the scalp, cover your hair with cellophane film. Chicken eggs contain vitamins, minerals, and lecithin. They have a beneficial effect on the skin, removing irritation. Mask wash off with cool water.
Black bread mask perfectly cleanses the scalp, yeast makes dry and brittle hair healthy and fluffy. A piece of bread should be crushed, and then pour boiling water. The mixture should cool to about 50 C. Gruel gently rubbed into the hair, massage the scalp. Wash off the mask with warm water, no shampoo needed. Habituation does not occur, so bread gruel for the treatment of dandruff can be used continuously.
Effectively fights peeling sour milk. The product contains folic acid, choline, lactic acid and proteins. Folic acid acts as an anti-inflammatory agent, choline acts on the sebaceous glands. Lactic acid and proteins contained in yogurt make the skin healthy.
The product is applied to the hair in a slightly heated form, hold for at least 40 minutes, and then washed off using a neutral shampoo. Mask should be done twice a week.
For serious problems trichologists prescribe therapeutic shampoos. The course is from 2 to 6 weeks, after the completion of the treatment, the remedies can be applied once a week for prophylactic purposes. The shampoo is applied, foamed and left for 10 minutes for exposure. The exact time is indicated in the instructions. Rinse off with running water.
The following shampoos have proven themselves well:
- "Dermazole" and "Nizoral" - These are shampoos, in which ketoconazole acts as an active ingredient. It destroys the fungus, prevents its occurrence.
- Effective "Sulsena" based on salicylic acid. The tool helps to get rid of dandruff, but it will not cure the fungus.
- "Friderm" on the basis of tar promotes exfoliation.
- "Bifon" with bifonazole. This lotion kills the fungus, there is no getting used to the lotion.
Preventive measures
Prevention is based on hygiene, stress management, getting rid of bad habits. It is necessary to wash hair no more often 3 times a week. Choosing shampoos, you should pay attention to their composition. If dandruff appears from time to time, medical shampoos can be used to prevent it.
Required study the diet. Useful fruits and vegetables, nuts and legumes. It should be excluded from the list of foods chips, fast food, soda.
Good health is impossible without mental equilibrium. Strong stress has a negative impact on the digestive tract, endocrine and other systems.
Disruption of cell renewal
On average, scalp cells are replaced by new ones every 25 days. It is clear that the old layer of the epidermis gradually exfoliates, giving way to new cells that move upward from the basal layer of the epidermis. If during their formation the skin lacks nutrients, but a new generation of cells will be underdeveloped. Thin and flat cells strongly stick together among themselves and become known to all white flakes.
Alternatively, the cause of dandruff can be a scalp fungus that disrupts the sebaceous glands. Single-celled fungi live in the secreted skin fat, they are harmless to the body, but their metabolic products change the pH-indicators of their habitat (fat), which provides a whole range of unpleasant sensations. The scalp begins to itch, itch, white flakes exfoliate from the skin, which clog the skin pores and hair follicles.
Wrong hair care
The modern choice of tools and accessories for styling, dyeing, styling and drying does not mean that they can be used every day. Frequent staining, using gels and varnishes, blow-drying, straightening irons and curling curls, as well as improperly chosen hair care products dry the scalp and hair, clog the pores and, for example, gels and mousses form a thick film on the scalp . All this clogs the scalp, which provokes a change in its water-lipid component.
Stress and anxiety
The depressed state generally negatively affects all body systems, because it has a depressing effect on the central nervous system, the immune system, and causes narrowing of the blood vessels. Also, often emotional and physical exhaustion are parallel processes, so that new cells do not have time to develop normally, which, together with the fall of the resistant ability of the organism, allows the fungus to be activated. Metabolism is disturbed, the skin itches and itches, causing peeling of an increasing amount of white flakes.
Hormonal changes
Changes in hormonal levels can have both natural causes and result from the use of hormonal preparations and oral contraceptives. So often dandruff directly depends on age-related changes, menstrual disorders, pregnancy, etc.
When dandruff appears, it is worthwhile to evaluate the possible reasons for its occurrence - if it is not associated with a weakening of the body, avitaminosis or stress, which occurs most often, then it is necessary to undergo a hormone examination. You should not hope that dandruff will pass by itself, especially if it is caused by a fungal infection or the presence of diseases - you should start a course of treatment that corresponds to its type and takes into account provoking factors.
Types of seborrhea and its symptoms
The common symptoms of seborrhea are as follows:
- Greasy and oily or dry and brittle hair,
- Itching
- Irritation, redness of the scalp,
- Abundantly hair fall
- The skin is very itchy, which is the cause of microtraumas, which further aggravates the situation.
The main types of dandruff are:
- Dry - it can be identified by the presence of small white flakes mainly in the frontal part of the head. A person suffers from an itch - you always want to scratch your skin. This disease is a consequence of reduced production of sebum, the hair is fragile, dry, there are split ends, the hairs fall out actively,
- Fatty - is a consequence of increased sebum secretion. In this case, the excess sebum permeates the upper layer of the epithelium, resulting in peeled cells stick together in large lumps. Salo prevents dead flakes from flaking off and covers the hair the very next day after washing - the hair is very fat and becomes untidy. Fatty scaly cells provoke itching and hair loss.
How to quickly and correctly cure seborrhea?
To get rid of dandruff, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive treatment, as there are usually several factors that provoke this disease. Such an approach will allow you to get a positive result from the first time without stretching the release of seborrhea indefinitely. It should be understood that dandruff is not a separate disease, but a symptom that indicates the problems in the body that need to be removed, otherwise it is impossible to get rid of the flaking.
The basic rule of therapy: proper hair care + a healthy diet:
You need to consume at least 2 liters of liquid per day - this is necessary to normalize the water-salt balance in the body, the water should be non-carbonated,- Everyday diet should be properly composed and contain a large number of products with fiber, vitamins, minerals and salts. The menu should include vegetables, fruits, lean meat, fish, seafood, nuts, whole grain cereals and bread,
- The ban is imposed on such products as sauces, all kinds of canned food, sausages, smoked meats, pastries, sweets, spices, coffee, alcohol, as well as give up cigarettes - all this activates the sebaceous glands. Hot drinks have a similar effect.
- Be sure to do a head massage - it activates the blood flow to the scalp, and the hair follicles and epidermis cells get more vitamins and minerals, improved blood circulation activates the release of dead particles,
- As a rule, people suffering from seborrhea suffer from severe itching, so as not to itch their heads, it is worth undergoing a course of moisturizing masks that will normalize the skin-alkaline balance,
- It is forbidden to use irons and other styling accessories that use thermal effects. As for the rare cases of permissible use of a hair dryer, the source of hot air can be kept at a distance of 40 cm from the strands,
- In the summer you need to protect the curls from direct sunlight and ultraviolet radiation, in the winter - from frost, for this you should use suitable hats made of natural materials,
- For the treatment of seborrhea and prevention of hair loss, special shampoos are used - it is better to leave the choice of drugs to specialists, so it makes sense to visit a trichologist,
- If the scalp is deficient in vitamins and minerals, then a course of masks will allow to fill this imbalance.
You need to consume at least 2 liters of liquid per day - this is necessary to normalize the water-salt balance in the body, the water should be non-carbonated,What does traditional medicine offer?
In the treasury of popular recipes there are many useful tools that help in record time to get rid of dandruff. The simplest and most effective method are infusions of oatmeal, mustard, hop cones, beets, nettle leaves. The main thing is to complete the entire course indicated in the recommendations.A noticeable result can be assessed only after 5-6 applications, so the main important factor in the treatment of seborrhea is a systematic approach.
What to do when there is oily dandruff on the skin under the curls
Dandruff is called flaking of an excessively large amount of flakes of the upper layer of cornified skin over an extended period of time. In various cases, the scales have a different shape (plate, tubular, layered, and others) and color (white, yellowish, silver).
Dandruff is a sign of disruption of the sebaceous glands.
Symptoms of the disease on the scalp
Another name for dandruff is seborrhea, which means a malfunction of the sebaceous glands, in which the amount of secreted sebaceous secretions may be higher or lower than normal, and the composition of the secretion may also change. As a result, the normal supply of the skin is disrupted, the resistance to the development of fungi and microorganisms decreases, the secret loses its sterilizing properties, and favorable conditions are created for the development of infection. Often accompanied by dandruff and severe itching.
Dandruff is usually accompanied by itching.
Causes of the problem: psychological aspects and unhealthy diet
In 10-15% of cases, seborrhea can develop into seborrheic dermatitis, a more serious chronic disorder.
- Disorders of the sebaceous glands can be caused by various reasons:
- Violations of the internal organs, primarily the gastrointestinal tract.
- Malnutrition, lack of vitamins and minerals and the prevalence in the diet of spicy, fatty, overly salty or sweet foods.
- Heredity.
- Psychological stress (stress, chronic fatigue) and mental disorders.
Stress can cause dandruff
To select the correct and most effective method of treatment, it is necessary to determine the cause of the problem. Otherwise, the treatment will not give results or will have a short-term effect.
For effective treatment requires to know the cause of dandruff
Why does hair fall out and dandruff appears
To begin to deal with the problem, it is necessary to determine why dandruff and hair loss began. Depending on this, it will become clear which means are best used when solving a problem. So, hair can fall out for the following reasons:
- hormonal changes, more characteristic of the female body,
- heredity characteristic of men
- taking potent drugs
- stress, depression,
- aggressive effects on the hair (dyeing, perm, ironing),
- seasonal changes
- unhealthy diet, lack of essential vitamins and microelements,
- circulatory disorders in the scalp.
The above reasons can lead to both partial hair loss and provoke complete baldness. However, at the initial stage it is quite easy to cope with the problem of precipitation if the cause of their loss is eliminated in time..
As for the appearance of dandruff, then the leading role among the causes is played by fungal diseases and dry skin caused by various factors.
Treatment for hair loss and dandruff
The first thing you need to do when dandruff and hair loss is to change the detergent. It is possible that this is a terrible disease, but only an allergy to shampoo. If, after changing the shampoo, the hair continues to fall out, and dandruff particles still appear indecently on the hair and clothing, you need to sound the alarm and seek qualified help.
Analyzes for the diagnosis of disease
Turning to the clinic, the doctor will first prescribe a series of tests to assess the general condition of the body and see the causes of dandruff and baldness. Among such analyzes, the most common:
- general blood analysis,
- blood chemistry,
- analysis for the presence of serum iron,
- analysis of sex hormones and thyroid hormones,
- trichogram
- analysis of fungal lesions of the scalp.
After the test results are obtained, and the doctor determines the cause of the problem, he can begin treatment and prescribe an effective remedy for dandruff and hair loss.
Vitamin and mineral complexes for hair growth
If the problem with hair and dandruff is caused by a lack of nutrients - vitamins and minerals - then in this case the easiest way to solve the problem is to add necessary components to the body.
It is recommended to take vitamin and mineral complexes for two months, after which a break is given for four months. With a positive effect on the body, the result is immediately visible - dandruff will cease to appear, and the hair will become healthy and elastic.
Note that most of all hair needs vitamins A, group B, zinc, selenium, sulfur, magnesium, iodine, calcium and nicotinic acid.
These drugs can be purchased separately, but it is best to take comprehensive medicines, which include other additional active ingredients that are beneficial to the body. Among the most effective preparations for the hair, we note Vitasharm, Evisent, Fitoval and Perfectil.
Dandruff and Hair Growth Medicines
For a long time in the pharmacy network sold the means Sulsen. This drug perfectly eliminates dandruff and provokes enhanced hair growth. The active ingredient is selenium disulfide, which improves the condition of the scalp. For effective treatment it is necessary to use the paste twice a week for three months. Once the problem is resolved, Sulsena can be used for prophylaxis once a week, and then once a month. After treatment with Sulsena, you can use cream Stimulin.
Usually, the remedy does not cause adverse reactions in most patients, but sometimes allergic manifestations may appear. In this case, you need to change the drug.
Another effective remedy is sulfur ointment. It has antiparasitic and antiseptic effect and copes well with seborrhea and dandruff. Apply sulfuric ointment by rubbing into the scalp. After five minutes, the ointment is washed off. The course of treatment is one week, after which a break is taken for one day.
If there is a negative reaction to sulfur ointment, you can change it with sulfur-salicylic or sulfur-tar ointment, which have a milder effect..
Antimycotic drugs
If diseases are provoked by the action of the fungus, then exposure to specialized means is necessary. The easiest way to use antifungal dandruff shampoo. Among these shampoos are effective Keto-plus, Mycozoral, Nizoral, Sebozol, Perhohot. These shampoos are washed three times a week for two months, after which the effect of the remedy is observed.
Folk remedies
Folk remedies for dandruff and hair loss also bring good results.
You can use onion mask based on burdock oil, Sophora vodka tincture, red pepper tincture on alcohol, decoction of calamus root, aloe juice. Detailed recipes for these products can be found on websites dedicated to traditional medicine methods.
To get rid of hair loss and dandruff, it is necessary not only to use one of the above mentioned means, but also to pay attention to bad habits - alcohol use and smoking. These factors also affect the condition of the scalp and hair.
What is dandruff and why is it so common?
Gorgeous strands raise mood and self-esteem, but only if they are healthy, but, unfortunately, dandruff and hair loss is a fairly common condition.
In fact, these two concepts often go together, even if a person does not notice this. What is dandruff, how to detect it and start the correct treatment - our article will tell.
Dandruff is a disease of the skin and curls caused by a fungus, which, if not treated, can lead to hair loss and then total baldness.
Yes, and superficially dandruff delivers a lot of inconvenience, keeping black things under the ban, as well as causing constant despondency and self-doubt.
This phenomenon is divided into two types: oily and dry dandruff. In the first case, the peeled scales sit tightly on the hair and you rarely notice an appearance on the shoulders, cap or other places.
Each time while combing dandruff seems to be stuck on the strands and together with greasy curls causes unpleasant associations. Dandruff and hair loss in this version go one after the other and it is necessary to start treatment.
Also, there is dry dandruff, which just pours like snow from the head, you just have to hook the curls or take off the hat. The treatment of this condition requires no less careful than described above. For more details, see the article "Useful burdock oil for hair loss."
Recently, baldness has become much younger and there are a lot of reasons for this; therefore, at the first signs of baldness, it is necessary to pay close attention to the problem.
To determine if there is alopecia, you can do a simple test, you need to take a handful of hair from about ten or more hair and pull it a little.
If no more than 3 hairs remain in the hand, then there is nothing to worry about, and if there is more, then it is time to take action. But first you need to find out the cause of baldness.
The main cause of early baldness is an increase in the level of sex hormones androgens, which worsen the nourishment of the hair and lead to hair loss. It is difficult to call this a disease, rather, it is a feature of the organism that is inherited.
Another reason for hair loss in men is frequent stress. If you often lack sleep, you are nervous, you work a lot, then the chances of getting a bald spot long before old age are very high.
The fact is that during stress the process of hair growth stops, and in some cases the hair follicles simply die.
Most of all in the world anti-hair loss products are produced. In total, they read about 300 thousand, which is much more than any other medicine.
Hair very well reflects the general condition of a man’s body. If he has chronic infections, the hair will look unhealthy and gradually lose its density.
If a sudden loss of hair begins, it is possible to suspect the presence of an inflammatory process, problems with the stomach or thyroid gland, tonsillitis, or even caries.
Often, sudden hair loss provokes sexually transmitted diseases.
In addition, improper diet, bad habits, seasonal and age-related changes or corny wrong hair care can lead to hair loss.
Cause and effect
The first thing the trichologist will do is to examine the disturbing sites with the help of special photo and video cameras that transmit information to the computer. The dimensions and characteristics of the studied areas are indicated in the direction of the analyzes.
And only after that the final decision is made regarding the cause of the hair loss and dandruff, and treatment is prescribed.
The most common causes are:
How can dandruff cause such a more dangerous phenomenon as loosing hair? Is white flakes can lead to thinning hairs and their early loss? In fact, everything is very individual, many women believe that they have dandruff even after they find several white scales under their nails, feeling itchy.
But there is such a thing as “physiological exfoliation” when a small amount of such scales is considered the norm, because the skin is constantly updated and you need to somehow get rid of excess “ballast”.
Just usually it is not noticed, if you wash your hair on time and only lingering for a day or two you can see a kind of dandruff.
Dandruff and hair loss are the main causes of the disease
1. Fungus epidermis of the head
We have already said that dandruff most often causes fungus. Or even yeast, which may be present in a healthy person, but will be invisible. But if something goes wrong, active reproduction occurs and, mixing with sweat and fat, and abundant dandruff appears.
2. Improper nutrition
This is a secondary cause, especially if there are too many fatty, sweet and spicy foods in the diet.
This is an increased work of the sebaceous ducts, in which the scales lag very behind and hang on the hairs. This often occurs during adolescence during the course of certain diseases or hormonal activity.
About this and other interesting publications, read the article "Essential products against hair loss."
Sometimes we meet people with untidy, dirty hair. A person does not monitor the condition of his hair, but simply does not wash it as it becomes dirty.
The upper layer of the epidermis is not cleaned during the washing process - dandruff appears. The hair follicle is constantly under the influence of sebum.
His breathing and nutrition are impaired. After a while, from such neglect of their hair may begin their loss.
The skin on the head, as on any other part of the body, is constantly updated and peeled off. Typically, skin flakes are very small and inconspicuous, but sometimes they can be large and peel off in large quantities, then we call it dandruff.
When the skin begins to exfoliate in large quantities and crumble into large pieces, they can lie on the hair and shoulders, and look very ugly and sloppy.
It used to be that the cause of dandruff is exclusively a fungus, but today there are three reasons:
- the presence of a large amount of sebum,
- the presence of metabolic by-products of some skin microorganisms, including the yeast fungi Malassezia,
- individual susceptibility.
In general, Malassezia globosa fungi are present on the skin of almost all healthy people, it absorbs the triglycerides that are found in sebum, and secretes lipase, which leads to the formation of oleic acid.
And oleic acid in susceptible people can cause inflammation, due to which indiscriminate cell division of the epidermis begins, which forms white flakes of dandruff.
Hair is the most commonly used evidence in investigations. They can tell a lot about their owner, but the sex of a person by hair without a bulb cannot be determined.
In addition, dandruff may be a consequence of an allergic reaction to chemicals that are contained in hair care products. Climate and perspiration have a marked effect on dandruff.
The reasons for which dandruff is formed on the scalp, you need to know for correct elimination of this problem, because the "snow" on the head - just a consequence.
Often, dry dandruff appears when there is a contrast between temperatures outside and inside. Such drops affect the condition of the skin, making it more dry.
With the onset of spring and summer, as a rule, the situation normalizes by itself. When dry skin dandruff is small particles, itching is possible.
Often dandruff is caused by seborrheic dermatitis. The skin becomes oily and covered with epithelium particles with a yellowish tinge.
About the stages of the disease
Regardless of the reasons that provoked the disease, the clinical picture develops approximately as follows:
- Stage 1. Hair becomes thinner, and the number of lost hairs exceeds 100 units per day.
- Stage 2. Hair continues to fall out.The quantity increases every day - up to 300-400 units. Visible slight peeling of the skin.
- Stage 3. The areas of flaky skin increase, an unpleasant itch appears. True, while he passes on his own. Hair continues to fall out.
- Stage 4. Dandruff color changes from gray-white to bright yellow. Hair falls out strands, noticeably local baldness. First of all, the parietal and occipital parts are affected. Itching becomes more palpable.
- Stage 5. Alopecia reaches apogee. Independently relieve itching no longer works. Oily dandruff pursues the clock.
There are a couple of stages, but we will not scare you. The above steps to alopecia, or local baldness, are enough to stop hoping for folk remedies and advertised shampoo, and immediately rush to the trichologist to find out the cause of what is happening.
Symptoms of hair loss from dandruff
Seborrhea can be recognized by several symptoms that help to quickly begin treatment. The number of loose hairs should not exceed 100 pieces per day. Women will notice the subtlety and brittleness of the hair, hair loss passes strands. It is impossible to cure the fungus by frequent washing of the head, the situation will get worse. When seborrhea occurs the following:
- head itching and itching worse
- rich horny skin compartment
- head quickly dirty and bald spots appear.
Effective folk treatment
To get rid of oily or dry dandruff in the shortest possible time is not easy. But if you make a little effort, you can cope with hair loss.
If you take into account the cosmetics, then you need to focus on the composition and when there are more chemicals, than natural, it is better to choose something else.
To get rid of dandruff, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive treatment, as there are usually several factors that provoke this disease. Such an approach will allow you to get a positive result from the first time without stretching the release of seborrhea indefinitely.
It should be understood that dandruff is not a separate disease, but a symptom that indicates the problems in the body that need to be removed, otherwise it is impossible to get rid of the flaking.
The basic rule of therapy: proper hair care + a healthy diet:
Drug treatment of dandruff is aimed at suppressing the fungus of the genus Pitirosporum. These drugs include "Zinocap".
The active ingredient - zinc pyrithione has antifungal, sedative and disarming effect. Available in the form of an aerosol, allowed for children from 1 year.
Easy to use, the treatment course is 2 weeks. The “Skin-cap” preparation is a generic drug, it is produced in 3 forms.
Salicylic acid solution helps with fat dandruff, it is used 3 times a day for 5-7 days. The drugs stop hair loss from dandruff by improving blood circulation to the hair follicles.
For dandruff and hair loss, treatment depends on many factors. First you need to get rid of all the manifestations of dandruff and then you can proceed to the treatment and the loss of strands.
But most often it happens that after the dandruff disappears, the loss of strands also stops and even completely disappears. The most important factor in this issue are folk remedies that help defeat dandruff and stop hair loss.
Mask with essential oils
Unfortunately, not all diseases of the hair and epidermis can be cured only by superficial means. Sometimes the loss treatment takes longer and it is necessary to use special medications. Such an integrated approach gives a better result, especially with hormonal hair loss.
The problem itself can initially have similar symptoms, but almost always begins with diseases of the thyroid gland, during pregnancy or after childbirth, when the level of hormones in the human body becomes more precarious.
It is possible to stop the manifestation of dandruff and hair loss, even if the loss of curls has hormonal causes.
Having a whole closet so beloved shoes, you have to walk in shapeless moccasins and trampled ballet shoes. And the whole thing in bulging bones on his feet, which bring just unbearable pain in general in any shoe. It is necessary to wear a little more dense shoes than moccasins on the size more than the prescribed - and the inflammation lasts a few more days. How to deal with bones on the legs, read our material.
Creating useful formulations
To prepare the healing rinse need to take nettle leaves, birch, burdock roots and chamomile and boil everything separately. Then mix in one composition and rinse the strands each time after cleansing the hair.
After 3-6 procedures, it will be possible to notice that dandruff and hair loss with this method of treatment have almost completely stopped.
In addition to these herbs and roots, you can add oak bark, calendula, lemon balm and St. John's wort. All this will give a wonderful effect and after some time the hair will become very strong thick and healthy.
Read more in the article "What herbs for hair growth is better." And how do you cope with dandruff and loss of curls? Tell about it in the comments to this article.
We treat hair folk remedies
It is easy and simple to stop and even get rid of hair loss with the treatment of traditional medicines. The main thing is to prepare according to the rules useful masks, lotions and compositions, and then the problem will no longer be relevant.
Scalp toning
Excellent help rinsing hair based on healing herbs. This makes it possible to get rid of all the manifestations of dandruff, dryness and irritation on the surface of the skin. It also helps to stop the loss of curls for a long time.
Creating useful formulations
To prepare the healing rinse need to take nettle leaves, birch, burdock roots and chamomile and boil everything separately. Then mix in one composition and rinse the strands each time after cleansing the hair.
After 3-6 procedures, it will be possible to notice that dandruff and hair loss with this method of treatment have almost completely stopped.
In addition to these herbs and roots, you can add oak bark, calendula, lemon balm and St. John's wort. All this will give a wonderful effect and after some time the hair will become very strong thick and healthy.
Read more in the article "What herbs for hair growth is better." And how do you cope with dandruff and loss of curls? Tell about it in the comments to this article.
We treat hair folk remedies
In the treasury of popular recipes there are many useful tools that help in record time to get rid of dandruff. The simplest and most effective method are infusions of oatmeal, mustard, hop cones, beets, nettle leaves.
The main thing is to complete the entire course indicated in the recommendations. A noticeable result can be assessed only after 5-6 applications, so the main important factor in the treatment of seborrhea is a systematic approach.
Dandruff Treatment
For the treatment of dandruff, it is necessary to use substances that have an antimicrobial effect, that is, they stop the growth of microbes (cytostatic effect), facilitate the removal of scales from the skin (exfoliating or keratolytic effect) and normalize the peeling processes (reducing effect). Antimicrobial and antifungal effects have zinc pyrithione, ketaconazole, climbazole, miconazole, clotrimazole, piroctone olamine. Antimicrobial and cytostatic - selenium disulfide, ciclopirox. Cytostatic and keratoreductive - tar. Exfoliating - salicylic acid, sulfur.
Active ingredients used to treat dandruff
— Zinc pyrithione (for example, Selsun Salon, Head & Shoulders) suppresses the growth of fungi due to its antibacterial and antifungal properties, slows down the process of renewal of scalp cells.
— Coal tar or tar (for example, Neutrogena T / Gel) helps to get rid of dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis, thanks to the normalization of the process of cell renewal and slowing their shedding. Also has antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. Eliminates itching, redness and peeling
— Salicylic acid and sulfur (Sebulex, Ionil T, Fostex and Vanseb) helps to dry the dandruff flakes and make them invisible, but this can lead to excessive dryness of the scalp and even more flaking, this is due to the suppression of secretions from the sweat and sebaceous glands. Therefore, after washing your hair, use conditioner
— Ketoconazole (“Nizoral”, “Keto Plus”, “Dermazole”, “Sebozol”, “Kenazole”) is a drug of the group of azoles, a broad spectrum antifungal agent that inhibits the reproduction of fungi. The first improvements are noticeable after 7 days. It helps where many means are powerless. In addition, it does not have a systemic effect on the body, that is, it is not absorbed into the bloodstream, in contrast to climbazole.
— Climbazole has antifungal and antibacterial action. Suppresses the growth of fungi, fights dandruff. The drug is effective in the fight against fungi that are resistant to other drugs.
— Cyclopirox one of the best dandruff products that has a fungicidal effect. He begins to act within 3 minutes after application.
— Clotrimazole - also applies to antifungal drugs. It violates the integrity of the membrane of fungi and disrupts the synthesis of ergosterol, due to which clotrimazole has a bactericidal effect.
— Miconazole - has antifungal and antibacterial action. Helps restore the balance of microflora of the scalp.
— Bifonazole (Lotion Bifon) is a highly effective antifungal drug used to treat dandruff. Fungi to it does not develop resistance and sensitivity does not decrease. Quickly eliminates all the unpleasant symptoms of the disease: itching, dryness, peeling, tightness of the skin.
— Piroctone olamine or Octopyrod (Cosmelitte Profesional) - eliminates both dry and oily dandruff. It contributes to the normalization of the rate of renewal and the life cycle of scalp cells, as well as inhibits microbial activity.
— Ichthyol ("Fitolit") - has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, local anesthetic effect due to the content of organically bound sulfur. Normalizes the skin cell renewal cycle.
— Selenium sulfide (for example, Sulsen) - has anti-fungal properties. Slows cell renewal and reduces the activity of the Malassezia fungus, by suppressing its reproduction. This substance can discolor bright, gray or chemically colored hair, so use it only for its intended purpose, and caress your hair well after washing.
Physiotherapy treatments for dandruff
Cryomassage This procedure is based on exposure to the scalp of low temperatures. The procedure is carried out as follows: the hair is separated by partings and gently treat the skin with a cotton swab, which is dipped in liquid nitrogen. The course duration is ten procedures. Thanks to the procedure, the vessels of the scalp are consistently then compressed, then expanded, contributing to the improvement of microcirculation and nutrition of hair follicles. Also, as a result of exposure to low temperatures, the protective functions of the body and the immune system are strengthened, the endocrine system is stimulated, and metabolic processes are activated. As a result of increased immunity, the activity of fungi that cause dandruff is blocked.In addition, after cryomassage, therapeutic drugs are better absorbed. But choose a specialist who will carry out the procedure, it is necessary to carefully, since liquid nitrogen can burn the scalp. If you feel a burning sensation during the cryomassage, inform the doctor. The procedure is recommended to take place in late autumn and early spring, when the immunity is particularly weak. Warning: the whole course of treatment should not be more than 10 procedures, if they are made more, liquid nitrogen overdries the skin, which causes the sebaceous glands to work more actively, the pores become clogged because of this, and as a result you have dandruff again, therefore it is better to repeat the treatment through month.
Darsonvalization scalp using scallop vacuum electrode. The procedure is carried out as follows: the comb-shaped electrode is smoothly and slowly moved along the head from the forehead to the back of the head, and if the hair is short, the procedure can also be carried out in the opposite direction. The duration of the procedure is approximately 10 minutes. The course is 10-15 procedures. There is a change in the physicochemical processes in the tissues, the improvement of blood circulation and metabolic processes. Helps cleanse the scalp of dandruff flakes, heal scratches and wounds. Sebum production decreases. Toki Darsonvalya also has a calming effect on the central nervous system, which also contributes to its treatment, since this disease is also a psychological problem. In addition, the absorbed ability of the skin increases, so after the procedure medical lotion or dandruff balm is rubbed into the scalp.
Dandruff prevention
I would like to note that it is much easier and cheaper to comply with preventive measures than to treat dandruff. Especially prevention is necessary for people who are at risk. quotePrevention before, will get rid of treatment after./quote
1. sunlight can help get rid of dandruff. But remember that staying in the sun for a long time can not be, it can lead to skin diseases. The sun is just enough for a few minutes and at the same time protect the rest of the body with clothing and sunscreen.
Another warning: some anti-dandruff products containing tar can increase the sensitivity of the scalp to ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, carefully read the instructions, if there are any contraindications.
2. Increase air humidity. It is believed that the decrease in humidity in the air (both outdoors and indoors) in winter can lead to dry skin, which in turn will cause dandruff.
One of the easiest ways to increase humidity is to buy a humidifier. Ideally, a humidifier should be in all living rooms. The humidifier should be carefully looked after so that it does not cause the growth of bacteria and mold.
3. Less stress. Many experts believe that stress can cause dandruff or worsen the condition. But as everyone knows, reducing stress is easier said than done. Here are some tips:
- Work on a positive attitude.
- Learn to manage time.
- Use breathing and meditative techniques.
- Spend more time on your hobbies and leisure.
- Maintain physical activity.
- Avoid excessive consumption of sugar and caffeine.
- Ask for support from friends, relatives, spiritual mentors.
4. Diet food. Diet has a great effect on the health of the skin and hair. Therefore, to prevent dandruff, eat foods that contain zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, selenium and vitamins. Zinc: oysters, red meat, poultry, legumes, nuts, crabs, lobsters, whole grains, dairy products and fortified cereals. Omega-3 fatty acids: Cold-water fish such as salmon and halibut, walnuts, flaxseed, canola oil, broccoli, beans, spinach, grapes, cauliflower, kiwi and melons. Vitamins: eggs, fish, milk, whole grain bread, legumes, broccoli, cabbage, potatoes and lean beef.
To prevent dry skin drink more water and eat more fruits.
5.Limit the amount of hair styling. All hair styling products (sprays, lotions, creams and gels) help create hairstyles, but they can also cause dandruff. These funds can accumulate on the scalp, as well as lead to increased fat and sensitivity of the scalp, resulting in itching and peeling.
If you can not completely abandon the styling products, then reduce their number to a minimum and always wash your hair before going to bed. If you have a tendency to dandruff, try washing your hair every day for prevention.
6. Better not to use other people's hygiene products and hats.
7. For prophylaxis every 2 weeks wash your comb with shampoo or soap. If you use a wooden comb, it must be replaced after 2 months.
8. The head should not be wet too longas the increased humidity promotes reproduction of the fungus.
9. A very good way to prevent dandruff is raw egg shampoo. To prepare it, take 2-3 eggs, add a little water and whisk. Apply to the scalp and massage in for 3-5 minutes, rinse with warm water.
10. Scalp massage can be carried out with oils, salt or without them. The scalp must be massaged with all fingers, while making circular movements. This helps to improve the blood supply and nutrition of the hair. Duration 5-10 minutes.
The relationship of the appearance of dry seborrhea and hair loss in adults and children
Not always strong dandruff and hair loss are caused by the same reasons. Only a trichologist (a dermatologist specializing in scalp and hair problems) can determine the relationship between these two problems. At the same time, in most cases, the relationship still shows up:
- Oily dandruff and hair loss. Exfoliating scales remain on the scalp, creating an obstacle to the normal nutrition of cells with oxygen and clogging of the sebaceous glands. As a result, the nutrition of the hair follicles is disturbed, which can lead to their death and hair loss.
- Hair falls out and dandruff is dry. Such symptoms indicate a lack of nutrition and hydration of the skin, as a result of which the hair becomes thinner, becomes susceptible to external influences and falls out.
Hair loss
Treatment with drugs and cosmetics for women and men
Any treatment begins with a trip to the doctor. Only a specialist can determine the cause of the problem and find the best remedy for dandruff and hair loss.
Of the cosmetic products, shampoos that contain ketoconazole, an effective antifungal agent, are well established. Of those on the market, thanks to a competent advertising campaign, the Nizoral shampoo is the most popular, but there are also cheaper, but also effective, Mikozoral, Perkhotal, Mikanisal, Keto Plus, Shampoo brands (shampoo for dandruff and hair loss) and others.
Nizoral - anti-dandruff shampoo
You should also pay attention to the presence in the composition of cosmetic products of the following ingredients:
- Cyclopirox - relieves inflammation and has antibacterial and antifungal effects.
- Tar and sulfur - contribute to the exfoliation of dead tissue.
- Zinc pyrithione and climbazole are antifungal agents.
Using medical methods, in no case can one self-medicate and select pharmaceuticals based on the recommendations of girlfriends, advertising or reviews on the Internet! Each tool is selected individually, to cope with this task can only an experienced doctor.
Only a doctor can prescribe medications, do not self-medicate.
Ways to combat dandruff folk methods
Most popular recipes are fairly simple and can be used at home. In addition, the ingredients that make up such products are of natural origin and do not cause allergic reactions. The most commonly used recipes are:
- For half an hour, kefir or sour milk is applied to the scalp, then washed off with water and a little mustard.
- A mixture of onion juice and vodka in a ratio of 1 to 2 is applied on the head only before washing.
Onions are rich in vitamins.
You can also use ready-made pharmaceutical collections of medicinal herbs, essential oils of eucalyptus, cedar or tea tree.
Drug collection of herbs
Prevention of illness in a child
Like any disease, dandruff and hair loss are much easier to prevent than to cure. To avoid problems, you should follow a number of simple rules:
- To maintain hygiene of the scalp.
- Do not use foreign combs and headgear.
- Follow the diet. Do not abuse fried, fatty, salty, spicy and sweet foods. Do not forget about vitamins and minerals.
- Monitor the overall state of physical and psychological health.
- More often to be outdoors, some experts say the beneficial effects of ultraviolet radiation at the first signs of dandruff.
A healthy lifestyle will help avoid hair problems.
Following such recommendations can not only prevent problems, but also improve the overall condition and appearance of the hair and scalp.
Possible causes of seborrhea
Seborrhea occurs on the background of an excess of testosterone, which can be not only in men, but also in women. This male sex hormone has the property of affecting the sebaceous glands of a person, and they, in turn, intensively begin to secrete fat, which changes its consistency and accumulates plaque on the scalp. The whole drama lies in the fact that at this moment there is a favorable environment for the reproduction of fungi on the skin. They cause irritation, inflammation of the scalp and the formation of growths in the form of products of their vital activity.
Such pathologies on the scalp cause thinning of the hair structure - it becomes lifeless, brittle, and then completely disappears. After identifying the first signs of seborrhea, this disease should be treated immediately. In the early stages, symptoms are treated without problems, even by folk methods, and the advanced form of the disease requires long and serious treatment.
There are:
- oily seborrhea, which develops due to excessive activity of the sebaceous glands under the hair,
- dry seborrhea, arising from the insufficient function of sebaceous excretions of the skin glands, which leads to the appearance of dry dead scales under the hair.
What to do if dandruff appears?
If dandruff is the result of accelerated cell renewal, then there are a number of measures that can help get rid of white “snow” on the hair.In 21 days, young cells move to the surface of the scalp, from where they are exfoliated. Normally this process is invisible. When the cells reach the scalp 2 times faster, dandruff begins to appear. This unpleasant phenomenon at the initial stage can be eliminated, according to experts.
Tips if dandruff and seborrhea appear:
Choose a shampoo that contains one of the following:
- tar that slows down cell formation,
- salicylic acid, which promotes rejection of dead cells,
- pyrithione zinc and selenium sulfide, stopping cell renewal,
- sulfur, causing mild irritation of the skin, which contributes to the quick exfoliation of dead scales.
- Wash your hair with shampoo twice: soap your head once and wash it off, soap it a second time and rub it vigorously while massaging the scalp. This will allow all accumulated cells to retire. Lather head shampoo a second time, keep it on the hair for at least 5 minutes. The active ingredients of the shampoo need time to act.
- Rinse hair thoroughly with water. If you do not wash off the desquamated cells, they will appear on clothes in the form of dandruff.
The more often you wash your hair, the better. This prevents the scalp from accumulating dead cells and dandruff. It is advisable to use not too hot water. - Change shampoos to prevent addiction. No one knows why dandruff shampoo suddenly stops acting, but it sometimes happens.
- Alternate dandruff shampoo with regular shampoo, suitable for you according to the type of hair (normal, dry, oily). This protects the hair from the drying effect of shampoos against dandruff.
- Use tar shampoo to normalize the condition of the hair. Dandruff shampoo after a while can dry your hair, and tar will soften them and prevent the formation of dead skin on your head.
- Do not expose your hair to direct sunlight. They can cause dandruff due to drying of the skin, scalp, so while in the sun, apply sunscreen spray to your hair.
- Emotional experiences can also be accompanied by dandruff. This suggests that you need to remove psychological stress by massaging the scalp, which will relax and improve the condition of the follicles and the hair itself. With the addition of a few drops of essential oil, this technique will be much more effective.
- Follow the rules of personal hygiene and do not use other people's hairbrushes, do not wear other people's hats — a fungal infection can spread to you. If you dandruff periodically appears, then regular washing of your hair accessories (the same combs, barrettes, rubber bands) is simply necessary. This prevents recurrence after curing dandruff.
How to treat seborrhea and dandruff?
When none of the above methods helps, more drastic measures are needed to combat dandruff. Scales of dead skin on the head are often a manifestation of seborrhea or seborrheic dermatitis, and this is a fungal disease that requires treatment, which can only be prescribed by a trichologist after you pass certain tests.
The complex of drugs aimed at the treatment of seborrhea:
- antifungal preparations containing ketoconazoles and intrabanozols taken in the form of tablets in a special course,
- topical preparations containing antifungal compounds in the form of dandruff shampoos,
- antihistamines with anti-inflammatory effects, relieve irritation to the scalp,
- hormonal topical ointments that reduce itching.
The course of treatment will be approximately as follows:
- We use shampoo with ketoconazole (keto plus) for a month to wash our hair,
- in parallel, 2 times a day, we use Belosalik lotion with betametazol and salicylic acid in the composition (refers to topical anti-dandruff preparations),
- we take tablets against dysbacteriosis in the intestines (Linex, Bifiform) according to the scheme indicated in the instruction,
- vitamins of group B, A, C, E and healthy trace elements also drink for 30 days.
How to quickly help yourself?
Seborrheic dermatitis occurs in humans in the event of a weakened immune system. The work of the gastrointestinal tract largely predetermines the development of this disease. Therefore, one of the fastest methods to help you with the development of seborrhea is the normalization of your diet.
Enrichment of the body with microelements is impossible without dairy products with low fat content, containing lacto-and bifidobacteria. Fruits, vegetables, greens should be preferred if you find seborrhea. These are sources of fiber and vitamins that improve the regenerative processes of the skin.
Quite significant for the normal functioning of the whole organism is animal protein, which comes when we eat lean meat of fish, chicken, and also with eggs. Seafood is rich in zinc, normalizing the sebaceous glands. It is necessary to eat vegetable oils, cereals, especially buckwheat, oatmeal, barley.
For hair loss, be sure to use shampoos and conditioners, where it is written: "for brittle and damaged hair" or "against hair loss." In addition to these drugs and drugs purchased in a pharmacy, try to cure the shedding of hair with a product that is available to everyone. To do this, you need the usual vegetable oil. You can also use almond or coconut oil to improve the result. The scalp often requires moisturizing, and rubbing in oils will allow it to function normally. It is this “fertile soil” that allows the hair to feel much better, and this is noticeable after the first use.
First aid for hair loss is an oil that is no worse than expensive anti-shedding agents. Do not need a lot of oil - take a few drops and massage movements rub them into the hair roots.
However, if your hair grows fat fast, then it is better not to use this method of reviving curls - you will need nourishing masks with a drying effect. This mixture is mostly based on the following components: proteins, lemon juice, kefir, clay, yeast, henna, onion juice and aloe. For the action of the mask takes 30 minutes, and it should be washed off with the use of shampoo with warm water.
Violation of the sebaceous glands (true seborrhea)
Occurs as a result of hormonal or immune failure, metabolic disorders, malnutrition, improper care of the scalp. Depending on the root causes distinguish fatty and dry seborrhea.
When oily seborrhea pores expand, there are ulcers, comedones, even clean hair looks greasy. Hair follicles are blocked, which leads to hair loss. This disease is more common in men.
Dry seborrhea is also associated with the malfunctioning of the sebaceous glands, but in this case little fat is secreted, the scalp dries out, multiple scales appear. Hair becomes brittle and also falls out. This problem is more typical for women.
Fungal disease
99% of people are carriers of the yeast fungus Pityrosporum Ovale or Malassezia Furfur. At the time of lowering immunity for various reasons, the fungus begins to multiply actively, which leads to a rapid growth of epidermal cells and impaired exfoliation.
If the normal period of skin peeling takes up to a week, then when activating Pitirosporum, the period is extended to a month. As a result, a huge amount of scales accumulates on the scalp, they block the hair follicles, cause severe itching and irritation.
Individual characteristics
In this category, not only the rate of secretion of the skin, but also hereditary factors, the presence of allergies, diseases, the general health of the patient.
Dandruff often appears in the following categories of persons:
- patients with psoriasis and eczema,
- undergoing neurological diseases,
- with weak immunity against the background of immunodeficiency, Parkinson's disease, excessive physical and psychological stress,
- diagnosed with avitaminosis.
Regardless of the causes of dandruff, this process can and should be controlled to, on the one hand, get rid of the aesthetic problem, on the other hand, to eliminate baldness.
Classification of agents against seborrhea
Since we have already figured out how the disease proceeds, it is worthwhile to decide how to treat it.
Most dandruff products contain such active ingredient:
- Zinc pyrithione. Antiseborrheic drug for external use, has antimicrobial and antifungal effects, restores the structure of damaged hair.
- Selenium sulfide. Promotes cleansing of the body, enhances immunity, enhances the processes of self-regulation and controls cell proliferation.
- Sulfur. It promotes the regeneration of the skin and has a detrimental effect on pathogenic microorganisms.
- Ketoconazole. Antifungal agent with a pronounced fungicidal and fungistatic action.
- Salicylic acid. Antiseptic and disinfectant substance that destroys pathogenic organisms and enhances the peeling effect.
- Tea tree oil. Antifungal and antiseptic component, whose action is aimed at the destruction of pathogenic factors. Powerful allergen. Before use, you need to conduct a sensitivity test.
If there is a strong hair loss due to dandruff, it is better to choose a shampoo or ointment based on 2-3 active ingredients. On average, over 3 months, the skin adapts to the composition, and if the problem is still not resolved, it is recommended to try another one.
Causes of hair loss
Normally, about 150 hairs leave our head every day. If you forgot or were too lazy to comb your hair the day before, it means that the next day this figure will approach the mark of 300 hairs. A similar daily routine is the norm. Anything more is an occasion to sound the alarm.
Among the most common causes of alopecia, trichologists name:
- Hormonal disbalance. Occurs on the background of critical days, restructuring of the body: menopause or andropause, thyroid gland disorders, hormone therapy, etc. If the process of hair loss is abundant, the first thing to do is to visit an endocrinologist.
- Improper nutrition. We do not urge to switch exclusively to healthy lifestyles and PP, but during the period of exacerbation of the disease it is recommended to minimize spicy, fried, salty foods. It is better to eat cereals, boiled white meat and fish, vegetables, fruits. Be sure to drink a multivitamin complex, which includes vitamins A, B, PP, etc.
- Autoimmune diseases. In some cases, the body perceives hair follicles as foreign bodies and attacks them. Such an immune response is treated only under the supervision of dermatologists and immunologists by injection and stimulating therapy.
- Stress, depression, emotional distress. You cannot completely limit yourself from the emotional component of life, but you need to minimize your reaction. Practice meditation, yoga, evening walks, healthy sleep. Any vitamin will not bring so much use for hair, how many the correct way of life.
Mustard mask
- dry mustard - 1 tbsp.
- burdock or olive oil - 1 tbsp.,
- 1 yolk,
- Kefir, sour milk or homemade sour cream - 2 tbsp.
Everything is mixed to a kasheobrazny state, applied to the scalp (no need for hair), also wrapped and left for 1-2 hours, while you can tolerate a burning sensation. Wash off with cool water and shampoo.
Henna and Coffee Mask
- henna - 1 tbsp.
- sleeping coffee - 1 tbsp.
- olive oil - 1 tbsp.,
- 1 yolk,
- Honey - 1 tbsp.
Henna brewed with hot water, add coffee and other components. Warm gruel is applied to the scalp and hair, wrapped and left overnight. The mask is very effective, but they do it no more than once a month.
To get rid of hair loss and dandruff, it is enough to determine the problem and choose the right treatment. Along with masks, ointments and shampoos, pay attention to your overall health. Hair and nails - an indicator of your condition, and if there are problems with dandruff and hair loss, the reason is better to look inside.
Surely you also know good masks for hair growth and against alopecia - hair loss and baldness. Share your secrets in the comments.
